Research on editing techniques

EDITING TECHNIQUES

Film editing is the stage in the film-making process, in which sound and images are organised to construct an over all narative.

Editing can be used to construct representations by:

• The pace of editing (fast paced - young, energetic, slow-old)
• Contrasting characters or settings ( crosscutting, shot/reverse shot)
• Creating links between characters or settings.
• Chowing us what a character is looking at.
• Showing us what a character is thinking about.

Cutting

The process where one shot is replaced on screen immediatly by the next.

Shot/reverse shot

Cutting back and forth between people in a conversation. this is used to make the viewer feel a part of the conversation between the characters.

Crosscutting

Crosscutting is the editing that alternates shots of two or more lines of action occurring in different places, usually simultaneously.

Fade out/ Fade in

Fade out is when the scene fades out to a blank screen. On the other hand fade in is when the scene fades in from a blank screen.

Super imposition

This editing technique is when an image is placed on top of another image. there for, Two distinct shots are played at the same time, but one on top of the other one.

Slow motion

Slow motion is the technique through which time appears slowed down. The slow motion technique regularly used in cinema is the process of  "overthinking" which entails a camera capturing an image at a rate faster than it will be projected.

Long take

Long take is a single continuos shot that does not cut for an unusual length of time. For example, over a minute.

Other:

Fast paced/slow paced editing

When the editing is fast paced the action will cut rapidly from shot to shot with each shot lasting only a few seconds. slow paced editing will involve limited cutting from shot to shot.

Dissolve

This is when one scene or image gradually moves into another scene, and it is a smooth transition. So the next shot fades in.

Graphic match

a similar shape or color linking two consecutive shots. This cut's intention is to skip forward or backward in time, while maintaining a continuity of action and creating a metaphorical link between the images that bookend the cut.

Action match

Cuting on the action is an editing tecnique where the editor cuts from one angle of a shot to another, while maintaining the continuity of the action in the scene.

Eyeline match

Cutting to show what the character is looking at. this editing technique can be used to make the viewer think like if it were the character.

Jump cut

Is a transition between two shots which appears to "jump" due to the way the shots are framed in relation to each other. Jump cuts are usually caused by framing which is quite similar.